The Basics of Wind Energy: How Wind Turbines Generate Power

By David Von Walland


In the realm of wind power, one finds two kinds of wind turbines: horizontal axis and vertical axis turbines. In horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT's), the rotor shaft sits horizontally. Contractors must put HAWT’s facing the wind in order to generate power.

In vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT's), the central rotor shaft is positioned vertically and doesn't have to be facing the wind. The VAWT, on the other hand, produces minimal rotational pace and greater torque, subsequently making these varieties of turbines much less efficient than their horizontal opponents.

HAWT’s, conversely, will produce much more power. In 2008, utility providers in the United States used land-anchored HAWT’s with an average capacity of 1.67 megawatts (MW), while offshore turbines can range anywhere from 3.5 to 5 MW in capacity.

Wind turbines generate power in roughly three simple steps. First, the wind pushes the rotor blades, the large part of the turbines that spin. Generally, the higher the blades sit in the air, the higher the resulting energy because winds speed increases as you move higher into the sky.

Inserted into the origin of the blades is the turbine shaft, which rotates as the blades move the rotational mechanical energy to the primary shaft. Sometimes, numerous gears and supplementary shafts will join the main shaft to increase its rotations per minute, which, then, greatens its electrical creation.

At the end of the shaft rests the electrical generator. Wind turbines most often employ electromagnetic induction to transform the mechanical energy into electric voltage. You may describe voltage as electrical pressure, which transfers electricity from point A to point B.

Inside the generator, the shaft connects to a series of magnets that envelop a conductor, such as a wire coil. The shaft revolves the magnets around the coil, which produces voltage in the conductor. Finally, the voltage siphons the existing electrical current to a mechanism or power plant that stores and distributes the electricity.




About the Author: